Brown, Tim, Michael Fitch, David Owens, Simon Saunders, Andy Sutton, and Stephen Temple. 5G Whitepaper: Meeting the Challenge of “Universal” Coverage, Reach and Reliability in the Coming 5G Era. Publication. Institute For Communication Systems, University of Surrey. 5. Accessed February 5, 2019. https://www.surrey.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2018-03/white-paper-rural-5G-vision.pdf.
“Having adjacent trees and or building at comparable heights to the mast can reduce coverage by as much as 70% in that direction, which is not in the interests of the operator, the local planning authorities and more importantly the mobile phone user. This is the source of many of today’s mobile coverage issues. for consumers in many rural locations.”
3.1 Mast height at tree level as a limiting factor on reach and reliability New ways for local planning authorities to work with mobile network operators offers huge future opportunities for local communities to benefit from a leap forward in rural coverage. In the past the priority for planning authorities has been to reduce mobile mast heights so that masts are visually screened by buildings and/or trees – with trees being the highest and more likely obstruction. However this also screens the RF signals and has defeated the objective of reliable coverage as illustrated in figure 3. The curves plotted in the diagram show how increasing the tree height above the line of sight from the base station and further into what is known as the “Fresnel zone” of the propagation channel will cause substantial diffraction or shadowing loss. To avoid this shadowing loss and be outside of the Fresnel zone, it is necessary for the tree height to be at least 3m less than the base station height.
A Freedom of Information request by the Sunday Times found that more than 110,000 trees had been cut down by UK councils between 2015 and June 2018.
Reasons given range from the well-intention ed (preventing wheelchairs from passing, need to put in a new bus lane) to the dubious (it’s cheaper to cut the trees down than not to) to the inane (they were getting in the way of our lawnmowers).
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More than 110,000 trees have been chopped down in three years by councils across the UK — equivalent to a sixth of the size of Sherwood Forest.A Sunday Times investigation, using freedom of …
www.thetimes.co.uk
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A company called Amey have cut the trees down in Sheffield.
In a background paper on smart cities put together by the United Kingdom’s Department for Business Innovation and Skills, ARUP estimates that the global market for smart urban systems (including transport, energy, sanitation and healthcare)
It is already a £280m market that will grow to £1tn by 2020, according to UK government estimates. The UK’s share of this global market is estimated at 10%. other words, it’s a huge market opportunity.
One such company is Design for Social Change. (D4SC) is an urban innovation company based in London, Bangalore and Berlin. It develops collaborative urban technologies to co-create smarter cities. It was incorporated in the UK in 2013.
City authorities in Malaysia, Portugal and Denmark are exploring using D4SC’s citizen engagement and smart city planning.
According to D4SC founder Priya Prakash, one of the company’s most successful initiatives has been Changify SmarterStreets, a next-generation data platform that combines bottom-up citizen data – what he calls “little data” – with top-down statistical and historical city data (big data) to co-create smarter cities in real time.
http://www.changify.org/smarterstreets/
“We are technically piloting this in Plymouth with an active local community of cyclists and local Amey maintenance crews to co-create intelligent service provisioning for road infrastructure through real-time feedback loops using social media,” says Prakash.
“This pilot is trialling a new bottom-up, citizen-driven approach using crowdsourcing, sensor data and voting. It could change the way that highways issues in cities can be managed.”
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Sheffield Smart Lab. We have launched a programme called Sheffield Smart Lab with Sheffield City Council and Ferrovial Services, which invites entrepreneurs and start-ups to develop and demonstrate their pioneering solutions which will help to promote Sheffield as a city of innovation.
www.amey.co.uk
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Proof that the same company is chopping down trees in Sheffield.
The fellings are part of a 25-year, £2.2bn PFI contract. Signed in 2012 between the Labour-led council and a private company, Amey, the Streets Ahead programme is intended to upgrade “the condition of our city’s roads, pavements, streetlights, bridges …” – no small feat in a place that was known as “pothole city”.
The contract has serious implications for the city’s 36,000 roadside trees, which have in effect been privatised until the late 2030s. Amey, a subsidiary of the massive Spanish company Ferrovial, has so far removed around 5,350, including oaks, elms and limes.
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‘Europe’s greenest city’ has lost 5,000 trees, chopped down by a private company despite furious local protests. Michael Gove calls the destruction “bonkers”. Now, after a brief truce …
www.theguardian.com
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Urban Institute and Amey join forces for Smart Urbanism Experiments
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The birthplace of stainless steel, Sheffield has long held worldwide recognition for its large-scale manufacturing industry, technical innovation and craft fabrication. With the decline of UK heavy engineering and associated rise in unemployment from the late 1970s, the public sector became an influ
urbaninstitute.group.shef.ac.uk
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https://www.smh.com.au/business/telstra-pushes-for-5g-that-works-in-australia-20170109-gto0gz.html
